Fuel-oil burner



W. .l. MEAD.

FUEL OI'L BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30, 1920.

1,392,958. r Patented 001. 11,1921.

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W. J. MEAD.

FUEL OIL BURNER. APPLICATIQN FILED JULY 30,1920- 1,392,958, Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MZLiamJJI Imd, by

w. J. MEAD.

FUEL OIL BURNER.

, APPLICATION FILED JULY ML 1920- I 1,392,958. Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

Qwuewtom William J 6 mmzzm m,

UNETED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAMI J. IEEAD, 0F ORANGE, TEXAS.

FUEL-OIL BURNER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM J MEAD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Orange, in the county of Orange and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in F uel-Oil Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to oil burners and has for its object to improve the construction and efiiciency of burners of this character which have been heretofore proposed.

WVith these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals. designate like parts in all the views t Figure 1 is an end elevational view of aportion of a boiler with this invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the parts shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is aview of the burner when seenpassages 1 and said air receiving chamber or shell 3. On the inside of said chamber 3 18: secured as by the bolts 6 the steam heating chamber 7 having an outer closure 9 and an inner closure 8. Through said outer closure 9 passes the steam heating supply 10 and steam outlet 11 (see Fig. 1) and also passing through said closure 9 is the 'fuel oil supply 12, forming the heating coil 13 having an exit 14:, leading to the nipple 15 provided with the strainer 16 carried by the member 17 held in place by the screw threaded member 18 and opening into the main oil passage or. pipe 19 of the burner. Surround ing said pipe 19 and spaced therefrom is the Specification of Letters Patent. Pat t d Oct 1 1921 Application filed. July 30,

1920. Serial No. 400,117.

outer pipe 20, having screw threaded to its outer end the member 21 supporting said nipple 15 and said screw 18, and having s'cre w threaded to its other end the flame flaring or spreading member 22, provided wlth the cup like portions 23 and 24 as shown. The inside the pipe 20 by the member 17 leaving an air space 25 all around itsoutside as shown, and at its inner end it is provided on, its interior with the spirally grooved atomizer or mixing plug 26 provided with a cone shaped point 27, fitting a correspondingly shaped recess in the plug 28 held in place by the cap 29 screw threaded to a pipe 19 as shown.

As is best shown in Fig. 4 the atomizing. or mixing plug 26 is provided with a plurality of helically arranged grooves 30 on its outside, and with a plurality of circumterentially-arranged chambers 31 and 32 into which said grooves 30, deliver. From the mixing chamber or groove 32 there leads a plurality of helically arranged grooves 33 which pass on over the conical point 27 as shown, so that fuel oil leaving the said mixing chamber 32 andthe grooves 33 will pass into the orifice 34 with which the plug 28 is provided and thence into the fire box, all

will be clear from the drawings.

It results from the construction just describedthat oil under pressure reaching the plug 26 will be given aswirling or twisting motion by reason of the grooves 30, which will deliver said oil into the mixing. chamber 31, which will permit said oil to violently rotate around the plug 26 in said chamber 31, while it leaves said chamber 31 by the second set of helically arranged grooves 31 and thus is still further given a rotary motion. After leaving the second set of pipe 19 is firmly held in place.

grooves 30, the oil enters the second mixing chamber 32 wherein it is very finely subdivided and given'a continuous rotating motion in which conditionit enters the third set of helica'lly arranged grooves 33 which are or maybe given, a sharper pitch than are the preceding grooves and thus impart to tllG' 'Oll a still further rotating motion, whereupon the oil passes down. over the conical end 27 of the plug 26 into the correspondingly shaped recess of the plug 28, and thence it passes out of the orifice 34 of thesaid plug 28 in the form of a cone, and into the fire box where it becomes ignited. In the meantime, air from the channel 25 enters this cone or m ist of very finely divided oil which is rapidly rotating, and therefore thoroughly mixes with the same. Upon igniting said oil the usual blue flame consisting of CO or carbon monoxid is formed on its interior owing to an insufficient supply ofairto. form a perfect combustion, and the usual yellow flame of CO gas forms on the outside of said blue flame owing to a freer supply of air, all asis customary in such cases." But by adjusting the flame spreader 22 along the length of the tube the amount of air or'rather of oxygen, reaching the blue flame can be varied, so that the length of the blue flame will be likewise varied, and thus will the amount of CO that is converted into CO or carbon dioxid, be also varied. In other words, the more CO that is formed in the flame and is converted into C0,, the more perfect will be .the combustion. viding the plurality of rows of helically arranged grooves 30 and 33 as illustrated, by providing circumferentially arranged mixing chambers 31 and 32 and the cone shaped point 27 of the plug 26, I am enabled'to produce an unusually finely divided condition of the oil and therefore an unusually thorough mixture of air andoil for ignition,

' before it enters the fire box, and therefore it ignites much more readily and burns much more completely than would otherwise be the case. p

- Not only is the air thus supplied tothe exterior ofthe finely divided mass of oil by thechannel 25, but an abundant supply of air is had for said cone through the passages or channels 4:. That is to say, as said cone is in a rapidly rotating condition it naturally gathers up air from the outside and mixes some with its interior while combustion is going on. This air should not only be in'an abundant supply, but it should also becarefully regulated to get the best results. Accordingly the spirally arranged passages 4 are provided for the outer shell orair chamber 3 and they are controlled by the damper like members 60, so that air may be supplied in great abundance and yet under complete control. .7 The air through said passagest and from said airichamber 3 readily enters the fire box through the opening 2 on the outside ofthe flame spreader 22, so that it completely surrounds the latter. The flame spreader thus acts as a shield, so to speak, to prevent this outside air from get-.

It therefore follows that by pro-1 ting immediate access to the flame cone, so that the formation of CO gas instead of CO gas near the said flame spreader is facilitated. Stated in other language, the arrangement is such that whereas an abundant supply of air is furnished for a complete combustion of the oil yet the supply of air nearthe burner tip. is SO restricted that a very large proportion of CO gas is formed in this burner which is later burned to CO, gas, and thus is a more complete combustion of the fuel assured than has been the case in prior devices constructed along somewhat similar lines to this present invent-ion. The action of restricting the supply of outside air to the flame cone near the burner tip, is facilitated by the cup shaped members 23 and 24% spaced apart as shown. That is to say the member 24 governs the angle at which thecone is formed, while the member 23 acts as a shield to deflect the outside air from said cone and thus gives the CO gas a chance to form and .to'later burn into CO gas.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction as well as the arrangement of parts without departmg from the spirit of the invention and therefore it is not desired to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

l/Vhat is claimed is i v 1. In an oil burner'the combination of an nner tube;an outer tube spaced from said 1nner tube and adapted to supply air to the exterior of the flame cone; a plugin said inner tube provided with a plurality of helically disposed grooves and a plurality. of mixing chambers into which said grooves deliver adapted to atomize said oil and impart thereto a whirling motion; means to admit said finely divided andwhirling oil to the fire box from the burner tip; and a flame spreading means surrounding said tip adapted to restrict the amount of outside air reaching said atomized oil near said tip, substantially as described.

2. In an oil burner the combination of an inner tube; an outer tube spaced from said inner tube and adapted to supply air to the exterior of the flame cone; a plug in said in nertube provided with a plurality of heli cally disposed grooves and a plurality of mixing chambers into whichsaid grooves deliver adapted to atomize-said'oil and impart thereto a whirling motion; meansto preheat said oil before it reaches said grooves; means to admit said finely divided and whirling oil to the fire box; from the burner tip; means to supply air to the outside of: the mass of atomized oil; and a flame spreading. means surrounding said tip adapted to restrict the amount of outside air reaching said atomized oil near said tip, substantially as described.

3. In an oil burner the combination ofmeans to supply oil to the burner tip; means to preheat said oil before reaching said tip; means to supply air to the outside of the flame cone emanating from said tip; means to regulate the amount of outside air thus supplied; additional means to supply air to the flame cone emanating from said tip; means to atomize said oil and impart a whirling motion thereto before it reaches said flame cone; and means for restricting the amount of outside air that reaches said flame cone near said burner tip and thus increasing the proportion of carbon monoxid formed substantially as described.

4. In an oil burner the combination of means to supply oil to the burner tip; means to preheat said oil before reaching said tip; means to supply air to the outside of the flame cone emanating from said tip; means to regulate the amount of outside air thus supplied; additional means to supply air to the flame cone emanating from said tip; means comprising a helically grooved plug provided with a mixing chamber to atomize said oil and impart a whirling motion thereto before it reaches said flame cone; and means comprising a flame spreader having two cup shaped members for restricting the amount of outside air that reaches said flame cone near said burner tip and thus increasing the proportion of carbon monoxid formed, substantially as described.

5. In an oil burner the combination of a burner tip comprising a mixing plu provided with a plurality of rows of he ically disposed grooves, a plurality of circumferentially disposed mixing chambers, and a cone shaped end provided with curved grooves; means for securing said plug in the tip of said burner; means for supplying air to the exterior of the atomized mass of oil delivered from said tip; additional means for supplying a regulated quantity of air to the outside of said atomized mass; and a flame spreader associated with said tip, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM J. MEAD. 

